INTRODUCTION
Let us discuss about the polyhouse farming, its cost, subsidy, project report step by step in this article.
What is polyhouse farming
A greenhouse, also known as a polyhouse, is a polyethylene-based structure or home. Plants can thrive and flourish in controlled environments thanks to this translucent glass-like substance. The size of your structure may vary depending on your needs, ranging from large structures to small shacks.
Polyhouse farming is the process of growing crops in a controlled environment, such as temperature, humidity, and fertilizers, using automated systems.
As the house helps to keep greenhouse gases from escaping, the interiors of this glass greenhouse are warm when exposed to sunbeams. As a result, plants benefit from a warm, survival-friendly environment even when it is freezing outside. The polyhouse farming method protects crops from a wide range of external factors that could harm them. Here are a few of the benefits.
Polyhouses today are constructed with a G.I. steel frame and covered with plastic that is secured to the frame with aluminium grippers. The white plastic film used for covering is of high quality, with a thickness of 200 microns and a 3-year guarantee against UV and weather degradation. Drip irrigation systems are commonly used to water plants inside polyhouses.
Polyhouse farming in India
Due to unpredictable climatic conditions and exposure to insect pests and diseases, traditional open-field cultivation has always been risky. To meet the growing population’s food and other needs, it is necessary to grow crops throughout the year, regardless of weather conditions.
In most Indian states, government schemes for polyhouse subsidy are available. Because a polyhouse subsidy of up to 80% is possible, you may only have to pay a portion of the cost out of your own pocket. Polyhouse subsidies and loans may be available from some rural banks.
Due to the polyhouse subsidy and high profits throughout the year, polyhouse horticulture in India is growing every year. Aside from that, compared to an open field, growing vegetables and flowers is a breeze.
Advantages of Polyhouse farming
- As your plants are grown at a consistent temperature, there are fewer chances of crop loss or damage.
- we can grow crops at any time of year and do not need to wait for a specific season.
- In a polyhouse, there are fewer pests and insects.
- Crop growth will not be affected by the external climate.
- In a polyhouse, the quality of the produce is obviously better.
- Good drainage and aeration
- Ornamental crop propagation can also be done easily in a polyhouse.
- In any season, Poly House provides the proper environmental conditions for your plants.
- It also increases yield by a factor of 5 to 10.
- Less cropping period
- With drip irrigation, fertiliser application is simplified and controlled automatically.
Difference Between Polyhouse and Greenhouse
Polyhouses and greenhouses are enclosed structures used to grow specific crops. Because the greenhouse is made of glass, it is also known as a glasshouse; however, once the plants have grown, it is referred to as a greenhouse. Polyethylene is used to construct Polyhouse. In fact, both are considered to be the same, but the greenhouse is the general term used.
Polyhouse Cost per acre
| S.NO | MATERIALS | COST PER ACRE |
| 1. | Polyhouse sheet ( 55/sq.m) | 210000 |
| 2. | Natural vents ( 600/sq.m) | 10000 |
| 3. | Land development | 20000 |
| 4. | Drip and Fogger | 12500 |
| 5. | Labour ( 16 men) | 8000 |
| Total investment | 260500 |
The polyhouse can be built for Rs. 66.6 per square metre, which is considered a low-cost method of obtaining the best conditions for off-season cultivation of vegetables and flower crops.
Polyhouse construction cost
| Wooden/ bamboo polyhouse | Metal structured polyhouse | Shed net |
| Rs.500/- sq. meter including cost of drip- irrigation/ fertigation unit/ fogging. | Rs.750/-sq.meter including the cost of drip irrigation unit/ fertigation unit/ fogging. | Rs.250/- per sq. meter including cost of drip/ sprinkler irrigation system. |
| Misting system @ Rs.100/- per sq. meter. (Rs.400/- per sq. meter for polyhouse and Rs.100/- per sq. meter for micro irrigation. | Misting system @ Rs.100/- per sq. meter. (Rs.650/- per sq. meter for polyhouse and Rs.100/- per sq. meter for micro irrigation system). | (Rs.200/- per sq. meter for shade -house and Rs.50/- per sq. meter for micro irrigation system). |
| Bamboo/ wooden polyhouse cost per acre Rs. 2023500/-. | Metal structured polyhouse cost per acre Rs. 3035250/-. | Shed net cost per acre Rs. 1011750/-. |
Polyhouse farming cost,subsidy,Project Report
Polyhouse subsidy
A subsidy is a type of financial assistance or support given to a business with the goal of promoting economic and social policy. Polyhouses are eligible for two types of subsidies: Fan and Pad. The following are examples of polyhouses and nethouses.
- 1. Subsidy authority: National Horticulture Board (NHB): The client is eligible for a 50% discount on the total project cost, which includes polyhouse construction, drip and fogging systems, bed preparation material and labour costs, planting material costs, and basic infrastructure such as a packing hall, irrigation equipment room, and labour quarters, among other things.
2.Subsidy authority: National Horticulture Mission (NHM): The client is only eligible for a 50% subsidy on polyhouse construction and drip and fogging systems if the rates set by the state horticulture department are met. If the state government has additional funds, it can provide plant subsidies, but this is not required.
What is Mukhyamantri Nutan Polyhouse Project?
Under this programme, the state government provides subsidies to farmers for the construction of poly houses, allowing them to earn a good living while growing fruits and vegetables. The state government of Himachal Pradesh is providing an 85% subsidy under this scheme. The farmer is only required to pay 15% of the total amount. In addition, the subsidy is calculated based on the greenhouse’s size.
How to get the benefit of the scheme?
To participate in this programme, one must submit an application to the Agriculture Department. Following that, the Agriculture Department approves a sum of Rs 3 lakh 17 thousand for the construction of a Polyhouse with a floor area of 252 square metres.
Polyhouse government schemes ( updated)
| Sub Activity | Pattern of Assistance | Name of Scheme |
| Protected Cultivation Green House, Fan & Pad System (limited to 4000 sq m per beneiciary) | 50% of cost (15% higher for hilly areas), Rs. 700/- to 825/- per sqm. | Sub Schemes of NHM & HMNEH under MIDH |
| Naturally Ventilated System (Maximum 4000 sq m per beneiciary) | 50% of cost (15% higher for hilly areas), (i) Rs. 422/- to Rs. 530/- per sq m. Tubular structure (ii) Rs. 270/- per sq m. wooden structure, (iii) Rs. 225/- per sq m. Bamboo structure | Sub Schemes of NHM & HMNEH under MIDH |
| Shade Net House: Tubular structure (Maximum 1000 sq m per beneiciary) | 50% of cost (15% higher for hilly areas) upto Rs. 355/- per sq m | Sub Schemes of NHM & HMNEH under MIDH |
| Bamboo & Wooden Structure (Maximum 200 sq m per beneiciary limited to 5 units) | 50% of cost (15% higher for hilly areas), Rs. 180/- and Rs. 246 per sq m. for bamboo and wooden structures respectively. | Sub Schemes of NHM & HMNEH under MIDH |
| Plastic Mulch | 50% of cost (15% higher for hilly areas) upto Rs. 16,000/- ha. | Sub Schemes of NHM & HMNEH under MIDH |
Polyhouse farming cost,subsidy,Project Report
Polyhouse subsidy in (u.p.) Uttar Pradesh
The new programme has increased the size of the poly home from 2,000 to 4,000 square metres in order to qualify for an 85% subsidy. A minimum of a 50% subsidy will be provided to replace poly sheets after five years of installation or in the event of damage due to natural disaster.
Polyhouse subsidy in Rajasthan
In Rajasthan, the government offers two types of polyhouse subsidies.
1.Polyhouse subsidy ( 50%) – The government of Rajasthan provides a 50% subsidy to all categories for poly houses.
2.Polyhouse subsidy ( 70%)- Poly house subsidy in rajasthan govt. provides 70% subsidy for small, medium and SC/ST farmers.
Polyhouse subsidy in Haryana
Poly houses require an acre or half of an acre of land, and the cost of a complete green house ranges between Rs 1 and 1.5 lakhs. To encourage the use of poly houses, the Haryana government is offering subsidies of 65%, 90%, and 50% on the cost of the polyhouse, irrigation system, and planting material, respectively.
Polyhouse subsidy in MP ( Madhya Pradesh)
Farmers work tirelessly to grow the crops, which can be affected by excessive or insufficient rain, hailstorms, storms, and other factors. Because of it, crops spoil in a matter of minutes, farmers lose lakhs of dollars, and standing crops are ruined. In order to address these issues, the Indian government encourages farmers to practise protected farming in order to increase yields by providing up to a 90% subsidy on project setup costs for greenhouse/nethouse construction.
Polyhouse subsidy in Maharashtra
The poly house programme, which was intended to generate self-employment in rural areas, failed to attract farmers because of the small size of the poly homes and a lack of resources for upkeep. The new programme has increased the size of the poly home from 2,000 to 4,000 square metres in order to qualify for an 85% subsidy. A minimum of a 50% subsidy will be provided to replace poly sheets after five years of installation or in the event of damage due to natural disaster.
Polyhouse Farming Cost,Subsidy,Project Report
Polyhouse farming cost,subsidy,Project Report
Types of Polyhouses
- Naturally ventilated polyhouse: This type of polyhouse or greenhouse lacks any environmental protection system, aside from adequate ventilation and a fogger system, to protect crops from bad weather and natural pests and diseases.
2. Environmentally controlled poly houses: are primarily designed to extend the growing season of crops or increase off-season yields by regulating light, temperature, humidity, and other factors.
These polyhouse structures are also divided into three subcategories.
1.Low-cost polyhouse system: This polyhouse system can be constructed with low-cost materials and is extremely easy to maintain. Polyhouses are typically built with locally available materials such as wood and bamboo. Ultra Violet (UV) film is commonly used as a cladding material. This type is appropriate for cold climatic conditions. Temperature and humidity can be controlled using shade networks. There will be no other regulated devices in this type of poly house.
2.Medium-cost Polyhouse System: G is involved in the construction of poly houses in this system. I’ve got pipes (galvanized iron). The entire polyhouse frame is secured to the ground to prevent wind damage, and screws are attached to the canopy cover’s housing structure. Cooling pads, mist sensors, thermostats, and exhaust fans are used to control humidity and temperature in this system. These poly houses can be used in both dry and mixed weather conditions. This is especially useful when plants require special attention during their life cycle.
3.Hi-cost polyhouse system: For growing crops, a hi-tech polyhouse provides an automatic temperature, humidity, fertiliser, irrigation, and other full environmental parameter control system.
Costing of Polyhouses
- Low-cost/low-tech polyhouses without exhaust fan systems and cooling pads cost between Rs.400 and Rs.500 per square metre.
- A medium-cost/medium-tech polyhouse with refrigeration pads and exhaust fan systems costs Rs.900 to Rs.1200 per square metre (without automation).
- A hi-tech polyhouse with a fully automatic control system costs between Rs.2500 and Rs.4000 per square met.
DISADVANTAGES OF POLYHOUSE FARMING
1.Farmers have limited control over airflow and temperature in naturally ventilated polyhouses, compared to artificial ones, which may limit their product range to those that are environmentally friendly.
2.Naturally ventilated polyhouses must be much larger than those with a fan and pad, resulting in metal and labour cost waste during the construction process.
3.Irrigation can also be challenging because only one type of polyhouse irrigation cannot be ideal for all crop types, so irrigation must be managed carefully. The cultivation and maintenance costs of a polyhouse can be very high if it is mishandled and proper care is not taken.
4.During the summer, rising temperatures can cause damage to the polyhouse farming cladding. After spraying the fertilisers, no one can reach the polyhouse farm for a few hours due to a lack of oxygen and fresh air.
5.Polyhouse farms have a slightly higher maintenance cost, and they will require skilled labour to maintain.
CONCLUSION
Despite these drawbacks, many farmers are adopting polyculture for a variety of reasons, including increasing crop yields, increasing production, increasing annual income, and being able to provide crops all year long, regardless of the season. Polyhouse is a fantastic method that will undoubtedly assist you with all of the above. I hope the above article Polyhouse farming cost,subsidy,Project Report helped you……